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Chemicals in e-cigarettes may form toxic compounds



Flavorings combine with solvents in electronic cigarettes to produce unstable chemicals that may cause respiratory effects in users, according to new data presented at the virtual European Respiratory Society International Congress.To get more news about Vape Manufacturers, you can visit univapo official website.

“Our co-author and analytical chemist Dr. Hanno Erythropel and colleagues at Yale University found new chemicals in e-liquids and revealed that they are formed when components are mixed by manufacturers. We became concerned about the high levels of these new compounds that had not been studied in the past, and decided to conduct toxicological tests,” Sven-Eric Jordt, PhD, associate professor of anesthesiology, pharmacology and cancer biology at Duke University School of Medicine, said in a press release.
The researchers analyzed what happens when cells that line the bronchi are exposed to flavoring chemicals such as vanillin and ethyl-vanillin, which are responsible for vanilla and other sweet flavors, and benzaldehyde, which is responsible for berry or fruit flavors. Using gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, the researchers analyzed the effect of the new chemicals that formed as a result of mixing the e-cigarette flavors with the solvents propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin, underwent rapid chemical reactions with the solvents after mixing, according to the abstract.

“We observed over 48 hours that these new chemicals are formed. These are not declared by the manufacturers and not reported to regulators. We were concerned that these chemicals might have toxicological effects in the lungs of users. They have not been studied in detail in respiratory exposure experiments,” Jordt said during a press conference.Following toxicological tests, these compounds caused activations of the sensory irritant receptors transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 and subfamily A member 1. This activation caused increased cough, secretions and cardiovascular reflexes from vapor inhalation, according to Jordt.

Researchers obtained nasal epithelial cells and performed a toxicological assay to assess the effect on user bronchi. Few respiratory cells exposed to vanillin or benzaldehyde alone were killed, but when exposed to the newly formed flavor and solvent chemical more cells were killed as the concentrations of the chemical increased, according to Jordt.

Moreover, the unstable chemicals also had an effect on cell metabolism, he said. In an analysis of mitochondria in respiratory cells, these chemicals suppressed oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate production, he said.

“This is the first demonstration that these new chemicals formed in e-liquids can damage and kill lung cells and probably do this by damaging their metabolism,” Jordt said. “Although, in some cases, more than 40% of flavor chemical are converted into new chemicals in e-cigarettes, almost nothing was known about their toxicity until now.”